Iron deficiency is one of the causes of anemia on a large scale all over the world, this disease is seen in every age. This type of anemia is caused by iron deficiency in food. Iron is one of the important components of hemoglobin and plays a role in its synthesis.
In its poverty, the synthesis of hemoglobin is disturbed and the body is exposed to lack of oxygen. When the red cryoat becomes brittle, it is destroyed, and the iron of the destroyed cryoat is used to reproduce the red cryoat. 0.5 to 1 mg of iron is absorbed daily and 1 mg is reabsorbed from the body, and the daily diet of Westerners contains the same amount of iron.
Causes of iron deficiency anemia
The main cause of iron deficiency anemia in elderly people, especially men, is morbid bleeding, and in women, after menopause. The cause of iron deficiency anemia is bleeding in the digestive system, such as stomach ulcers, colon polyps, hemorrhoids, and cancer. Also, taking too much aspirin causes bleeding in the digestive system.
In premenopausal women, menstruation is one of the causes of iron deficiency anemia. Average daily iron loss should be 1.5 mg for the patient to be anemic.
The demand for iron increases in pregnant women because the blood volume increases in pregnant mothers and approximately 500 mg of iron is needed in total to be added to the mother's blood during pregnancy. During pregnancy, 360 mg of iron is needed for the growth of the fetus, and during breastfeeding, the mother needs 1 mg of iron daily, and in children, during the growth period after breastfeeding, it is almost necessary to increase the amount of iron at the age of 3-24 months, and in At this time, iron drink formula such as cow's milk should be added to the child's diet.
Characteristics of iron deficiency anemia in peripheral blood examination
The low level of the effective factor in the increase of red blood cells or hemoglobin strain, deficiency of iron reserves and serum ferrites strain indicates iron deficiency anemia. Also, the number of RBC is reduced and it affects the morphology of Macrocytic Hypochromic Anemia. MCV is low in laboratory tests.
Clinical manifestations
The clinical manifestations of this type of anemia are related to the lack of oxygen and hemoglobin. It can also be related to the worsening of anemia. Fatigue, tremors, sore throat, shortness of breath and discomfort in breathing are among the important symptoms of the disease. Epithelial cell thinning is also seen in these patients, as a result of which hair is brittle and greasy, nails are brittle, the tongue is dry and there are ulcers in the corners of the mouth. In children, neurological symptoms and signs such as abnormal growth or nasal retardation, stroke and cranial nerve palsy are established.
incident
In order to prevent iron deficiency anemia, its preparations are recommended for infants for four to six months. During breastfeeding, in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia, the child should be breastfed, and one-year-old children should be given food containing iron. At the age of two, iron-fortified vitamin can be used in addition to food containing iron.
treatment
It takes place in two stages:- 1. Stopping chronic bleeding 2. Increasing the level of iron in the diet and recommending medicinal products such as ferrous sulfate by mouth or Oral, if the patient cannot tolerate iron through the mouth, it is recommended to take Iron Dextran per week for 3 months. In order to prevent reaction or sensitivity (Caution), a blind is given to the patient.
Dr. Sadia
